Therapeutic management of multiple sclerosis in patients consulting the neurology department of the Frantz Fanon University Hospital

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the therapeutic management of patients with multiple sclerosis, focusing on the clinical use, efficacy, and safety of monoclonal antibodies (Natalizumab, Rituximab, and Ocrelizumab) in a real-world hospital setting. A retrospective descriptive study was conducted on a group of patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis and followed at the Neurology Department of CHU Frantz Fanon in Blida. Data collection included patient demographics, clinical forms of MS, annual relapse rate ,Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores, and MRI findings. Therapeutic data related to the initiation, duration, and type of monoclonal antibody used were also recorded. In addition, patient tolerance, side effects, and adherence to treatment protocols were evaluated through clinical monitoring and medical records, following national and international therapeutic recommendations. A total of 55 patients were included. The majority were women (81.8%) and aged between 31 and 40 years. Treatment with monoclonal antibodies showed significant reductions in ARR and stabilization or improvement in EDSS scores and MRI lesion load. Natalizumab was effective but required careful JC virus monitoring. Rituximab offered a cost-effective and well-tolerated alternative, while Ocrelizumab showed high efficacy and tolerability. Most patients reported good adherence, and adverse effects were generally mild and manageable. The study also revealed the socio-economic impact of MS, particularly unemployment among patients