Place des fourrages naturels dans le bilan alimentaire des herbivores en Algérie

Abstract

The national territory covers in 2015 a total agricultural area of 43.40 million hectares, located near 2.34% in the humid zone, 11.85% in the sub-humid zone, 23.67% in the semi-arid zone And 62.13% in the arid zone. These lands generate on average 8.35 billion UFL; 405,935 tons of PDIN and 652,118 tons of FIEs per year. An average yield of 192.4 UFL 9.35 kg of PDIN and 15 kg of PDIE / hectare /year(annual average of the decade 2006 - 2015). This fodder production covers 64.63% of the UFL requirements, 34.05% of the PDIN requirements and 54.70% of the PDIE requirements of the national herbivorous herd. The forage deficit is very large, it is about 5471 million UFL 786 209 tons of PDIN and 540 026 tons of PDIE. Fodder production is mainly provided by straw and cereal stubble, cereal grains, fallow land, grazing and rangeland and cultivated fodder. Natural forages (natural grassland and fallow land) have a very low contribution to forage. Indeed, they participate only in the ratio of 1.48% for the UFL; 1.44% for PDIN and 1.69% for PDIE. The total number of livestock is 4 415 970 LU. The ovine species occupies an important place with 56.90% of the LU, followed by the bovine species with 26% and the goat species with 14,15% of the national LUs. The livestock food requirements amount to 12.92 billion UFL and 1,192,144 tons of IDPs per year.