Biological study of Chlamydia psittaci responsible for avian Chlamydiosis in free-range chicken

Abstract

Avian chlamydiosis, also known as avian chlamydial infection or psittacosis, is a bacterial disease that primarily affects birds but can also be transmitted to humans and other animals. It is caused by the bacterium Chlamydia psittaci, which can infect a wide range of bird species, including parrots, pigeons, ducks, and chickens. Avian chlamydiosis is mainly transmitted through inhalation of respiratory secretions or fecal matter from infected birds. Infected birds may appear healthy or exhibit symptoms such as respiratory distress, nasal discharge, coughing, lethargy, loss of appetite, and diarrhea. In severe cases, the infection can lead to pneumonia, liver and spleen enlargement, and even death. In our bibliographical work, we will discuss several chapters that explain in detail this pathology,in by: the history and biology of Chlamydiaceae, its epidemiology, its clinical expression and pathophysiology, followed by laboratory diagnosis and finally, antibiotic sensitivity and prophylaxis measures necessary to cope with this zoonosis.