Impact of prolonged metformin intake on vitamin B12 levels in type 2 diabetic patients

Abstract

Metformin is a commonly prescribed medication for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Several recent studies have shown that long-term metformin therapy in type 2 diabetic patients may alter their vitamin status. The objective of our study is to assess the biochemical and vitamin B12 status in type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients receiving metformin therapy. We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional analysis study involving 64 patients with type 2 diabetic at Slim Zemirli Hospital. The collected data were analyzed using statistical tests Significant differences were observed in fasting blood glucose, creatinine, vitamin B12, and hemoglobin levels, particularly in patients receiving metformin for over 10 years. A total of 46.9% of patients were found to have a vitamin B12 deficiency, with an average level of 241.11 pg/mL. Also, a inverse relationship was observed between the duration of metformin use and vitamin B12 levels. Finally, we conclude that prolonged use of metformin may increase the risk of vitamin B12 deficiency, potentially leading to complications such as anemia, neuropathy, and other related disorders