Résumé:
The coastal town of Hadjret Ennous, located in Tipaza, Algeria, is undergoing rapid
urbanization that threatens its fragile ecosystems, historical heritage, and valuable
agricultural lands 46% of which are at risk of urban conversion. Despite its exceptional
landscape potential, nestled between the sea and mountainous terrain, the town faces deep
structural imbalances: a spatial disconnect between the historic center and new urban
peripheries, insufficient tourism infrastructure, poor mobility, and increasing land pressure.
This local situation reflects a broader national challenge, as 37% of Algeria’s population
is concentrated on just 1.9% of its coastal territory, intensifying environmental stress.
Addressing these issues, the thesis proposes a bioclimatic eco-district based on a multiscale
territorial diagnosis (using GIS, citizen surveys, and diachronic analysis from 1962 to 2024),
as well as adapted international urban models from the Mediterranean context.
Covering 39.8 hectares, the project is built around four strategic pillars: controlled
densification using local stone and stabilized earth materials, sustainable mobility through
an electric BRT system and pedestrian/cycling networks, ecological corridors preserving the
coastal strip with urban agriculture, and regenerative architecture including a solar-powered
market, water reuse systems, and a bioclimatic thalassotherapy center. This innovative
model cuts building energy use by 63%, nearly doubles green space per inhabitant, prevents
the artificialization of farmland, and reduces car dependency by 31%.
It offers a replicable solution for other coastal towns in Algeria (such as Aïn Tagourait,
Stidia, and Azzefoun), embodying national strategies like SNAT 2030 and ICZM 2020–
2030, and turning environmental constraints into drivers of shared territorial resilience.
