Résumé:
Traumatic Reticuloperitonitis (RPT) is a condition caused by the perforation of the reticulum wall by indigestible, sharp, or metallic foreign bodies. Common examples include wires, needles, knife blades, and nails.
Epidemiology and Risk Factors
Species: Primarily affects cattle, although it can occur in small ruminants.
Environment: Frequently occurs in cows from urban areas or those grazing near public dumps.
Dietary Habits: Cattle are particularly susceptible due to their undiscriminating eating habits.
Clinical Signs (Symptomatology)
Early detection is crucial and is characterized by:
A sudden drop in milk production.
Physical signs such as an arched back, spaced elbows, and rumen atony.
Tachycardia and positive reactions to pain tests.
Diagnosis
Diagnostic procedures include:
Physical Tests: The Tourniquet (Withers pinch) test, Baton test, and Inclined plane test.
Technology: Use of metal detectors to locate foreign bodies.
Complications
The migration of the foreign body can lead to severe internal damage, such as:
Pericarditis: Inflammation of the heart sac.
Perihepatitis: Adhesions involving the liver.
Peritonitis: Adhesions involving the spleen and rumen wall.
Treatment and Prevention
Medical Treatment: Includes antibiotic therapy (5 to 8 days) and placing the animal on an inclined plane with the front raised.
Magnets: Oral administration of a magnet to capture ferrous objects is a key therapeutic and preventive measure.
Management: Banning the use of iron wire in balers and improving feed safety.
