Etude Biochimique de deux variétés d’oranges cultivées citrus sensis (Thomson et la sanguine) dans la région de Boufarik

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to highlight the existence of a diversity in the chemical composition of essential oils according to the varieties and the bioclimatic stages. For this, we proceeded to an extraction of the essential oils of the varieties, the Thomson orange and the blood orange, by hydro-distillation and the identification by gas phase chromatography (GPC) of their various compounds A chemical screening was carried out in order to reveal the secondary metabolites present in the orange’s peels. The yield of essential oil was 1.33 for the Thomson and 0.9 in case of the blood orange, the chemical screening revealed the existence of catechin tannins and mucilage for both varieties and the presence of anthocyanins only in the Blood Orange The CPG has shown that limonene is the major compound with percentages of the order of 93,176 for the Thomson and 90,398 for the Blood Orange. Chromatographic analysis, as well as phytochemical screening did not reveal any significant difference between the two varieties studied in terms of chemical composition of essential oils. The results of this study lead us to say that there is probabaly an intervariatal difference